Studies of the structure and biosynthesis of the plant cell wall have always been central in our society and its journals because the diverse roles cell walls play in growth and development, in the shelf life of fruits and vegetables, in pathogen defense, in the production of fibers and wood products for construction, textiles, and fine furniture. This session will feature presentations on a century of discoveries that have led to genetic design of cell walls as improved bioenergy feedstocks for biofuels and bioproducts.